In this tutorial, we will explain how to install WordPress with Nginx MariaDB on AlmaLinux 9/Rocky Linux 9. The tutorial will guide you to install and configure Nginx as the web server, PHP, and MariaDB as the database system.
WordPress is the most popular CMS (Content Management System). It is a free and open-source platform written in PHP and paired with a MySQL or MariaDB database for the backend.
Prerequisites:
- An AlmaLinux 9 dedicated server or KVM VPS with root access or a normal user account with sudo privileges.
- Update the system:
sudo dnf update -y- Install Nginx:
sudo dnf install nginx -yStart and enable the Nginx service:
sudo systemctl start nginx && sudo systemctl enable nginxOpen the firewall for Nginx:
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=https --permanent sudo firewall-cmd --reload- Install MariaDB:
Add the MariaDB repository:
sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repoAdd the repo config:
[mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = https://rpm.mariadb.org/10.11/rhel/$releasever/$basearch gpgkey = https://rpm.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck = 1Install the package:
sudo dnf install mariadb-server -yStart and enable MariaDB:
sudo systemctl start mariadb && sudo systemctl enable mariadbCreate a database and user:
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
CREATE USER wordpressuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO 'wordpressuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exitMariaDB comes with a default root password that is not very secure. To secure MariaDB, run the following command:
sudo mysql_secure_installationFollow the prompts to set a new root password, remove anonymous users, and disable remote root login.
- Install PHP:
sudo dnf install epel-release sudo dnf module install php:8.1 sudo dnf install php-fpm php-mysqlnd php-mbstring php-gd -yVerify PHP installation:
php -vConfigure cgi.fix_pathinfo:
sudo vi /etc/php.inib. Uncomment the cgi.fix_pathinfo parameter by removing the semicolon (;) at the beginning of the line.
c. Set the value of cgi.fix_pathinfo to 0:
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0d. Save and exit the php.ini file.
Restart php-fpm service:
sudo systemctl restart php-fpm- Configure Nginx:
sudo vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.confAdd config (update it with your data):
server {
server_name server_domain_name_or_IP;
root /var/www/wordpress;
index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html index.php;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}
location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; }
location = /robots.txt { log_not_found off; access_log off; allow all; }
location ~* \.(css|gif|ico|jpeg|jpg|js|png)$ {
expires max;
log_not_found off;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}Test the configuration file.
sudo nginx -tIf there are no errors, restart the Nginx to make the necessary changes.
sudo systemctl restart nginx- Get and extract WordPress:
cd /tmp curl -O https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz tar xzvf latest.tar.gz -C /var/www/ cd /var/www/wordpress/ cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.phpChange the ownership to www-data user and group.
sudo chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/wordpress/- Configure wp-config.php:
Generate keys:
curl -s https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/Copy the secret key and paste it into the WordPress configuration file wp-config.php.
sudo nano wp-config.phpFind the section that contains the dummy values for those settings.
It will look like:
define('AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');Delete those lines and paste in the values you copied from the command line.
Set values:
nano wp-config.php
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
define('DB_USER', 'wordpressuser');
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password');
define('FS_METHOD','direct');- Setup an SSL certificate (update it with your data):
sudo dnf install certbot python3-certbot-nginx sudo certbot --nginx -d example.comNow that the WordPress files are downloaded and installed, we need to configure WordPress. To do this, open a web browser and navigate to your WordPress website. You should see the WordPress installation screen.
Follow the prompts to complete the WordPress installation. You will need to provide the following information:
- Site Title: The name of your website.
- Description: A brief description of your website.
- Username: The username for your WordPress administration account.
- Password: The password for your WordPress administration account.
- Email Address: Your email address.
Once you have entered all of the information, click the Install WordPress button. WordPress will be installed and you will be logged in to the WordPress administration dashboard.
Once you have installed WordPress, it is important to secure your installation.
