Cài đặt Active Directory trên Windows Server 2016.
GHI CHÚ: Before installing the AD role, you must install the DNS role. (DNS – required component for AD)
Install Active Directory Domain Services with Graphical Interface (GUI)
1. Start your Server and start the Quản lý máy chủ bảng điều khiển (by default starts after user login);
2. Click Manage (thực đơn phía trên) và bấm vào Thêm vai trò và tính năng;
3. Nhấp chuột tiếp theo cái nút;
4. Lựa chọn Cài đặt dựa trên vai trò hoặc dựa trên tính năng và bấm vào Kế tiếp cái nút;
5. Chọn máy chủ mục tiêu của bạn (in my case it’s only one) và nhấp vào Kế tiếp cái nút;
6. Đặt dấu kiểm Dịch vụ miền Active Directory (ADDS);
7. Trong cửa sổ bật lên, nhấp vào Thêm các tính năng cái nút (added some AD management tools);
8. Nhấp chuột Kế tiếp cái nút;
9. For now we don’t need any Đặc trưng, so click Kế tiếp;
10. Read the short text about AD and click the Kế tiếp cái nút;
11. You may set a check mark Restart the destination server automatically if required (by default not required). Nhấn vào Cài đặt cái nút;
12. After installation is complete click the Đóng cái nút;
13. After role installation is complete you will see a yellow triangle in the upper menu. Click on it to show the next list, nhấp chuột Promote this server to a domain controller (to make this device Domain Controller, aka DC);
14. Lựa chọn Thêm một khu rừng mới (in my case this is a new DC and new forest), and enter the Root domain name (this is our future domain). Nhấn vào Kế tiếp cái nút;
15. Sự lựa chọn của bạn:
- Forest functional level;
- Domain functional level;
Type the DSRM password (make it strong, needed for future restore if it fell) và bấm vào tiếp theo cái nút;
16. If you have parent DNS click Show more;
17. Read the short text about DNS delegation and click the OK button.If needed- create a DNS delegation. If you don’t need to Create DNS delegation (làm ví dụ) – click tiếp theo cái nút;
18. Đi vào The NetBIOS domain name of your domain and click tiếp theo cái nút;
19. If need – specify the location of AD DS objects, và nhấp vào Kế tiếp cái nút;
20. Read the summary information, and if all is OK click tiếp theo cái nút;
21. After checking pre-requirements click Cài đặt;
22. Installation began;
23. After installation is complete you get a pop-up about Signing out and the system restarting. You may click the Đóng button or wait to restart;
24. System restart;
25. After restarting you will see, that you are able to log in as Domain Administrator;
26. After login to the system, when the Server Manager console shows up you will see the installed role AD DS;
Install Active Directory Domain Services with Windows Powershell
The first thing you will need to do is open Windows PowerShell. Once you have logged into the system and are faced with the command line, simply type PowerShell (in Windows Core). For the desktop interface run PowerShell (Quản trị viên).
1. Hành hình:
Get-WindowsFeature
2. Once the command has been completed successfully, you will be presented with all the uninstalled, but available, modules.
3. Once we have figured out the service name and the module name, we now have to go ahead and install it.
Install-WindowsFeature AD-Domain-Services
This command will extract all required binary files and start the installation procedure.
4. Let’s create a new forest.
Import-Module ADDSDeployment
GHI CHÚ: If the command is completed successfully then you will be faced with a blank prompt.
5. Hiện nay, you will need need to promote your server to a domain controller as per your requirements – there are several commands that you can use to do this.
Command | Sự miêu tả |
Add-ADDSReadOnlyDomainControllerAccount | Install a read-only domain controller |
Install-ADDSDomain | Install the first domain controller in a child or tree domain |
Install-ADDSDomainController | Install an additional domain controller in a domain |
Install-ADDSForest | Install the first domain controller in the new forest |
Test-ADDSDomainControllerInstallation | Verify prerequisites to install an additional domain controller in a domain |
Test-ADDSDomainControllerUninstallation | Uninstall AD services from the server |
Test-ADDSDomainInstallation | Verify prerequisites to install the first domain controller in a child or tree domain |
Test-ADDSForestInstallation | Install the first domain controller in the new forest |
Test-ADDSReadOnlyDomainControllAccountCreation | Verify prerequisites to install a read-only domain controller |
Uninstall-ADDSDomainController | Uninstall the domain controller from the server |
To install the Active Directory with the default configuration, execute the following command:
Install-ADDSForest
This will install the basic features and functions, however, if you want to install a customized setup:
Install-ADDSForest
-CreateDnsDelegation:$false
-DatabasePath “C:\Windows\NTDS”
-DomainMode “Win2012R2”
-DomainName “yourdomain.com”
-DomainNetbiosName “YOURDOMAIN”
-ForestMode “Win2016”
-InstallDns:$true
-LogPath “C:\Windows\NTDS”
-NoRebootOnCompletion:$false
-SysvolPath “C:\Windows\SYSVOL”
-Force:$true
Once you execute this, you will be asked to enter SafeModeAdministratorPassword – this is for the Directory Services Restore Mode (DSRM). Once you set this password here Windows will finish the AD installation and configuration on your Windows Server based on the input provided.
6. The Active Directory will now install. You may receive various warnings, depending on whether you have static IPs or not. Your server may automatically restart during this process as well.
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